Alfalfa Can Be Grazed Safely: Things To Think About Before Turning Cows Out On High Legume Pastures

May 24, 2024

Including alfalfa in a grazing stand makes sense. The potential benefits include increased soil fertility through nitrogen fixation, improved plant biodiversity, boosted forage yields and improved animal performance. Alfalfa can also be used to create a hedge against poor forage production during dry growing seasons as it is naturally drought tolerant. Recent Canadian research has taken an even closer look into how to improve alfalfa’s resilience to challenging environments.

Even though forage yields and productivity could be increased, producers are often hesitant to seed alfalfa for grazing purposes due to fears of bloating. Experts agree that implementing a few key production principles and paying close attention to a grazing herd can greatly reduce the risk of bloat and provide producers the opportunity to capture the benefits of this legume crop.

Here are some management tips for successfully grazing cattle on alfalfa:

Avoid moving cattle onto new pasture when it’s wet with heavy dew, rainfall or irrigation water. Grazing alfalfa when it is wet increases the possibility of bloat.
Make paddock rotations mid-day or later to help minimize moisture and increase plant carbohydrate concentration.

Do not allow animals to stand hungry before turning them into an alfalfa pasture, as it can lead to overconsumption of fresh alfalfa and increase the risk of bloat.

Wait until alfalfa is in full bloom to graze. Bloat risk is highest when alfalfa is in vegetative to early-bloom stages of growth. As alfalfa enters the full-bloom or post-bloom stages, the alfalfa becomes more fibrous and the rate of digestion slows down.

Do not graze alfalfa for three days to two weeks following a killing frost. Frost may increase the incidence of bloat by rupturing plant cell walls, leading to a high initial rate of digestion. Delay grazing alfalfa until the stand dries.

Make sure to monitor cattle frequently for condition and any signs of bloat or sickness and adjust grazing plans accordingly.

Graze with animals that have smaller rumen capacities, like yearlings and calves, rather than mature cows.

Talk to your veterinarian about the advisability of using a product like Alfasure (mix with water to prevent frothy bloat).

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Video: Seeing the Whole Season: How Continuous Crop Modeling Is Changing Breeding

Plant breeding has long been shaped by snapshots. A walk through a plot. A single set of notes. A yield check at the end of the season. But crops do not grow in moments. They change every day.

In this conversation, Gary Nijak of AerialPLOT explains how continuous crop modeling is changing the way breeders see, measure, and select plants by capturing growth, stress, and recovery across the entire season, not just at isolated points in time.

Nijak breaks down why point-in-time observations can miss critical performance signals, how repeated, season-long data collection removes the human bottleneck in breeding, and what becomes possible when every plot is treated as a living data set. He also explores how continuous modeling allows breeding programs to move beyond vague descriptors and toward measurable, repeatable insights that connect directly to on-farm outcomes.

This conversation explores:

• What continuous crop modeling is and how it works

• Why traditional field observations fall short over a full growing season

• How scale and repeated measurement change breeding decisions

• What “digital twins” of plots mean for selection and performance

• Why data, not hardware, is driving the next shift in breeding innovation As data-driven breeding moves from research into real-world programs, this discussion offers a clear look at how seeing the whole season is reshaping value for breeders, seed companies, and farmers, and why this may be only the beginning.