Farmers as Guardians: Conserving Ghana's Minor Crops

Oct 24, 2024

Ghana’s rich agrobiodiversity is increasingly threatened by the decreasing use of traditional minor crops, which are becoming ‘neglect and underutilization species’. These crops – essential for rural livelihoods and food security – face genetic erosion and a lack of conservation.

To address this, a pilot project has been launched to establish a community see bank in Ghana, co-led by the NUS Network of Ghana and the Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT, and supported by the Netherlands Embassy in Ghana. The initiative aims to preserve local crop varieties, promote farmer cooperation, and ensure the long-term sustainability of agricultural biodiversity.

The pilot community seedbank has been established in Adawso, where farmers are actively involved in managing and conserving seeds from their fields.

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Video: From Students to Solutions | On The Brink: Season 2, Episode 14

Ask Canada’s most decorated soybean breeder his favourite part of the job and he doesn’t name a single variety. He names the students.

Istvan Rajcan is a professor of soybean breeding and genetics in the Department of Plant Agriculture at the University of Guelph, where he has run the soybean breeding program for 28 and a half years. In that time he has developed 87 soybean cultivars, published 140 refereed papers and trained 51 graduate students. In 2025 he received the Public Sector Impact Award from the National Association for Plant Breeding.

He is also worried. In this episode he says Canada is at a crossroads, pointing to recent government cuts to plant breeding programs and to the facilities that support them. His prescription is structural. "Plant breeding funding formula has to be a long-term one," he says.

The formula he is defending is the public-private matching arrangement his program runs on. Private seed companies fund the work, provincial or federal money matches it, and the combined pool stretches each dollar further than either source could alone. At the National Association for Plant Breeding annual meeting in June, he says American public breeders were often surprised at how well that collaboration works in Canada.

He also describes how the people entering plant breeding have changed. His early graduate students came mostly from farms. More recently they include, in his words, "city kids who just became excited about genetics."

Topics covered:

Why public-private plant breeding funding in Canada needs a long-term

commitment rather than a larger one

How matching private seed company investment with provincial and federal

dollars multiplies research capacity

How the graduate student pipeline into plant breeding has shifted from

farm kids to city kids