By Julia Rodriguez
Layby equipment being used in corn.
Layby herbicide programs allow Georgia field corn growers to better control weeds throughout the growing season, according to Brooke Jeffries, University of Georgia Cooperative Extension Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in Wheeler County, Georgia.
Broadcast sprayers are commonly used to apply treatments to crops lower to the ground. The chemicals can reach the ground and kill any emerging weeds. Broadcast spraying doesn’t work for corn, which can grow as high as 12 or 14 feet and has leaves that block treatments from reaching the ground.
“When you’re treating corn later in the season, you’re treating a crop that you can’t go over with a typical boom sprayer because it’s too big. None of the herbicide gets on the ground where it needs to be,” said Eric Prostko, UGA Extension agronomist and weed specialist.
Equipment used in layby spraying programs applies herbicides to crops that grow too tall for more common spray treatments.
A tractor pulls the layby rig, and each boom nozzle applies the herbicide near the base of the cornstalk, which provides extra weed control throughout the season. The rig fits in between the rows of corn, and instead of a broadcast sprayer, a single nozzle boom or a hood sprayer with multiple nozzles is used to apply the herbicides.
Growers usually spray over the top of corn when it is a foot tall. These original herbicides often wear off by the time corn grows to about 2 feet or higher, and the height makes it difficult for applicators to spray again.
Weed management in corn is essential, especially during harvesttime. Broadleaf weeds, particularly annual morning glory plants, can wrap up in the combine and cause mechanical issues and harvest delays if they aren’t properly controlled.
A local farmer approached Jeffries about this weed management problem in 2015 after he was unable to harvest 46 percent of his 65-acre irrigated corn crop because of broadleaf weeds.
“It slows the harvesting process down or the farmers just don’t harvest at all because it’s impossible,” Jeffries said. “This is why the idea of layby equipment is so important. Farmers can apply treatments throughout the growing season, even when the corn gets tall.”
The same farmer changed his management strategy and began using a layby herbicide program in 2016. He harvested all of his acreage, and his profit increased by $24,538.
“I’m just glad I was able to provide a working solution to this problem,” Jeffries said.
In addition to the layby herbicide treatment, a preharvest herbicide treatment can provide even more coverage due to the lack of broadleaf weeds.
Corn is a valuable crop in Georgia. In 2015, the UGA Center for Agribusiness and Economic Development reported corn’s farm gate value exceeded $252.9 million.