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Protecting your wheat investment

The winter wheat crop is entering a critical growth phase, the time period of 25 to 30 days before heading and ten days after. This is when the number of kernels are being determined. The are many factors that influence this growth phase . The top four are nitrogen supply and uptake soil moisture, temperature and plant health.

The major management focus is on plant health in particular protecting the flag leaf and the one below it called the penultimate leaf. These two leaves account for 70% to 75 % of the final yield. It is important to scout the field to check on the incidence and severity of foliar fungal pathogens moving up in the canopy.

The application of fungicides should be made to protect the flag and penultimate leaf. This is referred to as T2 timing and the next important growth stage is at flowering time referred to as T3 growth stage.

Recent moderate temperatures and rainfall can be supportive of fungal pathogen infection. The next 10 days will require a close watch on the wheat crop to check on any disease progression.

Perhaps the most critical growth stage is T3. The main purpose of a fungicide application at this stage is to reduce the incidence and severity of Fusarium Head Blight infection which contributes to Fusarium Damaged Kernels (FDK) which is a grade discount. Secondarily the risk of mycotoxin DON is greater with a higher infection level which further reduces marketability of the crop.

The critical growth stage for observing the best time for protecting the heads is Zadoks 59 to 60. This is when 75% of the heads on the main stem have completely cleared the leaf sheath, we also call this day “0”. A T3 application for targeting Fusarium should be applied shortly after this on “day + 2” which is the beginning of pollination when anthers (flowers) are showing on the middle of the wheat head Zadoks 62-65. This is when most of the florets are open and when infection is most likely to occur.

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Why Seed Analysts are Thriving Under Seeds Canada

Video: Why Seed Analysts are Thriving Under Seeds Canada

Last month in Edmonton, Alta., industry leaders and stakeholders gathered to discuss the evolving landscape of the seed industry at Seeds Canada’s annual conference. Among them was Sarah Foster, president of 2020 Seed Labs and the new vice-president of Seeds Canada.

Foster, who has been on the board of Seeds Canada for over a year, has witnessed firsthand the challenges and opportunities that come with the formation of the organization. Seeds Canada was established just over three years ago through the merger of multiple seed industry groups, including the Commercial Seed Analysts Association of Canada (CSAAC). Since then, the organization has been working to define its priorities and solidify its role in the industry.

“The challenge has been allowing the dust to settle after the merger,” Foster explained. “We’ve been focused on identifying what our priorities should be and ensuring that our members, especially the seed analysts, are getting what they need to continue their professional work.”

One of the recent highlights was a pre-conference event where the three major seed labs in Alberta — 20/20 Seed Labs, SGS Canada and Seed Check — opened their doors to members. The event saw a record number of seed analysts and business professionals in attendance. Foster emphasized the importance of this transparency, stating, “It’s crucial for people to see what goes on behind the scenes. We’re an open book now, and that openness helps build trust and understanding within the industry.”

The event also featured an environmental scan and a series of discussions that fostered strong communication among attendees. According to Foster, the dialogue was both encouraging and inspiring.

“A lot of people were really inspired by the fact that Seeds Canada is moving ahead with its agenda. The seed analysts, who have always worked diligently in the background, are now being recognized more prominently,” she said.

Before the merger, seed analysts were represented by CSAAC. Now, as part of Seeds Canada, they are finding their place within the larger organization. Foster believes that the integration has been successful, noting, “I think we’re thriving. You only need to look south of the border, where similar consolidations are happening.”

As Seeds Canada continues to evolve, Foster remains optimistic about the future. “I want to be totally transparent with anyone who is a seed analyst — I’ve got your back. We’re moving in a positive direction, and we’ll do everything we can to meet the needs of our members,” she said.